RECOGNITION OF CARDIAC ARREST CAUSES (H’S AND T’S)
Understanding the reversible causes of cardiac arrest is critical for successful resuscitation. These causes are categorized as “H’s” and “T’s.”
The H’s:
- Hypovolemia: Treat with fluid resuscitation.
- Hypoxia: Ensure adequate oxygenation and ventilation.
- Hydrogen Ion (Acidosis): Correct with ventilation and sodium bicarbonate if needed.
- Hypoglycemia: Administer dextrose as indicated.
- Hypo-/Hyperkalemia: Monitor and manage electrolytes appropriately.
- Hypothermia: Rewarm gradually.
The T’s:
- Tension Pneumothorax: Perform needle decompression.
- Tamponade (Cardiac): Treat with pericardiocentesis.
- Toxins: Administer antidotes or perform decontamination.
- Thrombosis (Pulmonary/Coronary): Manage with thrombolysis or surgical intervention.
Identifying and addressing these causes promptly can improve survival rates in pediatric cardiac arrest.
