PALS Provider: Course

Incorrect. Hypothermia is one of the "H's" and should be corrected to restore normal cardiac function during resuscitation.

Incorrect. Hypoxia is the leading cause of pediatric bradycardia and should be addressed with oxygenation and ventilation.

Incorrect. Defibrillation is the primary intervention for shockable rhythms like VF and pulseless VT in pediatric cardiac arrest.

Incorrect. Adenosine is administered as a rapid IV push at an initial dose of 0.1 mg/kg to terminate SVT.

Incorrect. Immediate defibrillation is crucial to restoring a perfusing rhythm in shockable cardiac arrest.

Incorrect. The jaw thrust avoids neck movement and is preferred for maintaining the airway in patients with suspected cervical spine injuries.

Incorrect. Oxygen delivery stabilizes respiratory distress and improves oxygen saturation in pediatric patients.

Incorrect. Epinephrine is given every 3-5 minutes during cardiac arrest to enhance coronary and cerebral perfusion.

Incorrect. Oxygen is the initial intervention for pediatric bradycardia caused by hypoxia to improve perfusion and heart rate.

Incorrect. If VF persists after the initial defibrillation at 2 J/kg, the next dose is 4 J/kg, and subsequent shocks should not exceed 10 J/kg.

Incorrect. Oxygenation and ventilation are the first-line treatments for bradycardia caused by hypoxia; lidocaine is used for arrhythmias.

Incorrect. PEA is treated with high-quality CPR to maintain perfusion and address reversible causes.

Incorrect. Neonates in shock or with hypovolemia should receive a fluid bolus of 10 mL/kg of isotonic crystalloid.

Incorrect. IM epinephrine is the first-line treatment to reverse airway swelling and cardiovascular compromise in anaphylaxis.

Incorrect. A fluid bolus of 20 mL/kg is used to rehydrate children with dehydration and adequate cardiac function.

Incorrect. Oxygen saturation should be maintained at 94-98% to avoid hypoxia or hyperoxia.

Incorrect. A 20 mL/kg isotonic crystalloid bolus is recommended to restore perfusion in septic shock.

Incorrect. Fowler’s position (sitting upright) helps reduce respiratory effort and improve ventilation in children with breathing difficulties.

Incorrect. Rhythm checks are performed every 2 minutes to assess the need for defibrillation or changes in treatment.

Incorrect. For a child without a pulse, CPR should be initiated with compressions and ventilations at a 30:2 or 15:2 ratio.

Incorrect. Intraosseous access provides rapid and reliable vascular access for drug delivery during pediatric resuscitation.

Incorrect. Hypoxia is the most common cause of pediatric bradycardia, and oxygenation and ventilation often resolve it.

Incorrect. The preferred method is waveform capnography, as it provides continuous monitoring and confirmation of tube placement.

Incorrect. An isotonic crystalloid bolus of 20 mL/kg is recommended to treat hypoperfusion caused by septic shock.

Incorrect. A 20 mL/kg bolus of isotonic crystalloid is recommended for managing septic shock in children.

Incorrect. Pulseless VT is a shockable rhythm requiring immediate defibrillation to restore organized cardiac activity.

Incorrect. Neonates require oxygen saturation levels of 90-95% to support optimal oxygen delivery without causing hyperoxia.

Incorrect. Nebulized epinephrine reduces airway swelling and improves airflow in children with severe croup.

Incorrect. A 15:2 ratio is used in two-rescuer pediatric CPR to optimize both circulation and oxygenation.

Incorrect. Rhythm checks every 2 minutes minimize interruptions in compressions while assessing for shockable rhythms.

Incorrect. PEA is a non-shockable rhythm and is managed with high-quality CPR and addressing reversible causes such as hypoxia or hypovolemia.

Incorrect. Amiodarone is the preferred antiarrhythmic for stabilizing wide-complex tachycardia in pediatric patients.

Incorrect. Amiodarone is given at 5 mg/kg IV/IO for ventricular tachycardia with a pulse to stabilize the rhythm.

Incorrect. Needle decompression relieves pressure and restores ventilation in children with tension pneumothorax.

Incorrect. Neonatal CPR prioritizes ventilation due to respiratory causes of arrest, using a 3:1 compression-to-ventilation ratio.

Incorrect. CPR is initiated immediately to relieve the obstruction and restore ventilation in an unresponsive child.

Incorrect. Compressions at 1/3 the depth of the chest ensure adequate circulation without risking internal injuries.

Incorrect. During CPR with an advanced airway, providing 10 breaths per minute prevents hyperventilation and ensures adequate oxygenation.

Incorrect. A 15:2 ratio ensures adequate oxygenation and circulation during two-rescuer child CPR.

Incorrect. Epinephrine at 0.01 mg/kg is used to enhance cardiac contractility and perfusion during neonatal resuscitation.

Incorrect. Hypothermia is one of the "H's" in reversible causes of cardiac arrest and is treated with active rewarming.

Incorrect. Magnesium sulfate stabilizes cardiac cells and is the treatment of choice for torsades de pointes.

Incorrect. Compressing to one-third the depth of the chest ensures adequate perfusion without causing injury.

Incorrect. Intramuscular epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylactic shock to reverse airway constriction and hypotension.

Incorrect. Checking responsiveness determines the need for immediate resuscitation efforts.

Incorrect. Defibrillation is the primary treatment for shockable rhythms like ventricular fibrillation or pulseless VT.

Incorrect. VF is a shockable rhythm requiring immediate defibrillation to restore a perfusing rhythm.

Incorrect. A PETCO2 value above 10 mmHg indicates adequate chest compressions and cardiac output during CPR.

Incorrect. Nebulized epinephrine reduces airway swelling and improves airflow in children with severe croup and airway obstruction.

Incorrect. Pediatric defibrillation starts at 2 J/kg and may increase to 4 J/kg for subsequent shocks if needed.

Incorrect. Rescue breaths provide adequate oxygenation and prevent progression to cardiac arrest in children with respiratory failure.

Incorrect. The two-thumb encircling technique provides effective chest compressions and allows better control for ventilations.

Incorrect. Magnesium sulfate is the treatment of choice for torsades de pointes, stabilizing the myocardium and correcting QT interval abnormalities.

Incorrect. IO access is the preferred alternative to IV access in pediatric emergencies due to its rapid and reliable establishment.

Incorrect. Synchronized cardioversion begins at 0.5-1 J/kg for pediatric SVT and may increase to 2 J/kg if needed.

Incorrect. Synchronized cardioversion begins at 0.5-1 J/kg for stable or unstable pediatric SVT and is increased if needed.

Incorrect. The two-thumb encircling technique ensures effective compressions and promotes high-quality infant CPR.

Incorrect. A fluid bolus, typically 20 mL/kg of isotonic crystalloid, is the first step in treating hypovolemic shock in children.

Incorrect. Intramuscular epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis, improving perfusion and reducing airway swelling.

Incorrect. The target oxygen saturation for neonates in the first minute is 60-65%, gradually increasing to 80-85% by 5 minutes.

Incorrect. A compression fraction greater than 80% ensures that most of the resuscitation time is spent on chest compressions.

Incorrect. The correct compression depth for infants is 1/3 the depth of the chest, approximately 1.5 inches.

Incorrect. CPR is initiated to relieve the obstruction and restore ventilation when a child becomes unresponsive.

Incorrect. Synchronized cardioversion is indicated in unstable SVT to restore a normal sinus rhythm safely.

Incorrect. Atropine is the drug of choice for bradycardia caused by increased vagal tone, blocking parasympathetic stimulation.